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linux centos7安装mysql8的教程_Mysql_

2023-05-27 451人已围观

简介 linux centos7安装mysql8的教程_Mysql_

一、RPM版安装

查看是否有其他版本的数据库,若有,删除干净

非root用户必须要有sudo权限

1.下载mysql相关安装包

https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/mysql/yum/mysql80-community-el7/mysql-community-server-8.0.18-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/mysql/yum/mysql80-community-el7/mysql-community-libs-8.0.18-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/mysql/yum/mysql80-community-el7/mysql-community-common-8.0.18-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/mysql/yum/mysql80-community-el7/mysql-community-client-8.0.18-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

2.其他依赖(可以先跳过该步,看后面安装mysql时缺少什么依赖就安装什么依赖)

到该网址下去寻找gcc、gcc-c++、openssl、perl及其依赖包

https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/

3.安装mysql(未报错则表示安装成功)

4.自定义配置mysql(如果不想改变mysql的默认相关目录,跳至第6步)

修改Mysql默认的配置文件内容

sudo vi /etc/my.cnf

删除所有内容,加入以下内容:

 [mysqld] user=mysql port=3306 datadir=/app/mysql/data socket=/app/mysql/mysql.sock log-error=/app/mysql/log/mysqld.log pid-file=/app/mysql/mysqld.pid [client] socket=/app/mysql/mysql.sock

5.创建配置文件中的相关目录并修改权限

 sudo mkdir /app/mysql/data /app/mysql/log -p sudo chown mysql:mysql /app/mysql -R

6.初始化mysql

7.启动mysql

若启动出错:

a.请查看mysql相关目录的所属用户和所属组是否是mysql

b.请查看selinux是否关闭:执行sudo getenforce得到的结果若不是Permissive,执行命令:sudo setenforce 0

c.查看端口是否被占用

d.若还是无法启动:请查看mysql错误日志以及sudo systemctl status mysqld或者journalctl -xe

8.登录mysql

查看Mysql的初始密码(root@localhost:后面的就是初始密码)

 sudo cat /app/mysql/log |grep root@localhost (做过第4步使用该命令) sudo cat /var/log/mysqld.log|grep root@localhost (未做过第4步使用该命令)

登录mysql,复制上面的密码

mysql -p

9.修改mysql密码(初次登录必须修改密码,否则无法使用mysql命令)

 alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '你的密码';

二、源码版安装

非root用户必须要有sudo权限

1.下载相关源码包

https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/gnu/gcc/gcc-9.2.0/gcc-9.2.0.tar.gz
https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/gnu/gmp/gmp-6.2.0.tar.xz
https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/gnu/m4/m4-latest.tar.gz
https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/gnu/mpfr/mpfr-4.0.2.tar.gz
https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/gnu/mpc/mpc-1.1.0.tar.gz
https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/mysql/downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-8.0.19.tar.gz
http://dl.bintray.com/boostorg/release/1.70.0/source/boost_1_70_0.tar.gz
https://down.24kplus.com/linux/cmake/cmake-3.16.2.tar.gz

2.安装低版本的gcc、gcc-c++(必须要做,否则升级gcc安装m4/gmp/mpfr/mpc时configure会报错:configure: error: no acceptable C compiler found in $PATH)

到该网址下寻找gcc、gcc-c++及其依赖包(能连外网的可以直接使用命令:sudo yum -y install gcc gcc-c++)
https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/

3.安装源码版cmake

必须安装openssl和openssl-devel依赖,下载网址同上,否则bootstrap会报错:找不到openssl(能连外网的可以直接使用命令:sudo yum -y install openssl openssl-devel)

 tar cmake-3.16.1.tgz cd cmake-3.16.1 sudo ./bootstrap sudo make sudo make check sudo make install

4.升级gcc、gcc-c++

a.安装m4

 tar -xzvf m4-latest.tar.gz cd m4-1.4.17/ sudo ./configure --prefix=/usr/local(--prefix指定安装路径) sudo make (编译) sudo make check (检查编译是否有错,注意是否有Error,可以不做) sudo make install (安装) m4 --version (查看m4版本)

正确安装后可以看到如下结果

b.安装gmp

 sudo ln -s /usr/local/bin/m4 /usr/bin (把m4做一个软连接到此路径下,否则configure时会报错:checking for suitable m4... configure: error: No usable m4 in $PATH or /usr/5bin (see config.log for reasons).) tar -xvf gmp-6.2.0.tar.xz cd gmp-6.2.0 sudo ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/gmp-6.2 (非管理员必须要sudo,否则会报错:Permission denied) sudo make sudo make check sudo make install

c.安装mpfr

 tar -xzvf mpfr-4.0.2.tar.gz cd mpfr-4.0.2 sudo ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mpfr-4.0 --with-gmp=/usr/local/gmp-6.2 (--with-gmp为gmp的安装目录) sudo make sudo make check sudo make install

d.安装mpc

 tar -xzvf mpc-1.1.0.tar.gz cd mpc-1.1 sudo ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mpc-1.1 --with-gmp=/usr/local/gmp-6.2 --with-mpfr=/usr/local/mpfr-4.0 sudo make sduo make check sudo make install

e.加入库文件(/usr/local/mpfr-4.0/lib/必须加入库文件,其他两个可以不做,否则安装升级gcc编译时会报错:error while loading shared libraries: libmpfr.so.6: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory)

 sudo vi /etc/ld.so.conf /usr/local/mpfr-4.0/lib/ /usr/local/gmp-6.2/lib /usr/local/mpc-1.1/lib sudo ldconfig (使上面的操作生效)

或者做软连接

 sudo ln -s /usr/local/mpfr-4.0/lib/libmpfr.so.6 /usr/bin

或者复制

 sudo cp /usr/local/mpfr-4.0/lib/libmpfr.so.6 /usr/bin/

f.安装其他依赖(系统未安装依赖包时,必须要装,否则升级gcc编译时会报错:mpc.h:没有那个文件或目录)

下载gmp-devel和libmpc-devel及其依赖包(能连外网的可以直接使用命令:sudo yum -y install gmp-devel libmpc-devel)

https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/gmp-6.0.0-15.el7.x86_64.rpm
https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/gmp-devel-6.0.0-15.el7.x86_64.rpm
https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/libmpc-1.0.1-3.el7.x86_64.rpm
https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/libmpc-devel-1.0.1-3.el7.x86_64.rpm
https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/mpfr-3.1.1-4.el7.x86_64.rpm
https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/mpfr-devel-3.1.1-4.el7.x86_64.rpm

若还有依赖包需下载,请到https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn自行下载

g.升级gcc

 tar -xzvf gcc-9.2.0.tar.gz cd gcc-9.2.0 sudo ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/gcc-9.2 \ --enable-bootstrap\ --enable-checking=release \ --enable-languages=c,c++ \ --enable-threads=posix \ --disable-checking\ --disable-multilib\ --enable--long-long\ --with-gmp=/usr/local/gmp-6.2\ --with-mpfr=/usr/local/mpfr-4.0\ --with-mpc=/usr/local/mpc-1.1 sudo make (编译时间较长,1个小时的样子) sudo make check sudo make install

务必卸载低版本的gcc、gcc-c++

 sudo rpm -e gcc-c++ sudo rpm -e gcc sudo vi /etc/profile export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/gcc/bin   source /etc/profile

查看gcc版本号

gcc --version

5.安装源码版mysql

安装ncurses-devel依赖,否则cmake报错:Curses library not found.Please install appropriate package(能连外网的可以直接使用命令:sudo yum -y

-六神源码网